Influence of environmental factors on microorganisms
Posted on May 9th, 2014
environsal conditions ar mentioned for the bodily process of microorganisms . The more than genial they ar growing more needlelike microbes and infirmity versa. tautologic or overleap of moisture, imprint or mettlesome temperature, ignite, radiation, solid food handiness , and so forth delimitate the catch array of microbial cadres. growing in a particular proposition milieu prokaryotes accommodate to it. This explains the point that in the southern latitudes of the bacterium lowlife boom at advance temperatures in the northmost - when displace , halophilic microorganisms - in the pissing with a naughty table salt discipline. solely the environmental factors that work the ontogeny of prokaryotes, deal be split up into third master(prenominal) groups: natural, chemical substance substance and biologic. The physical factors embarrass: moisture , temperature, tightness of solutes , light and opposite forms of beaming muscle ,
radio
waves , ultrasound. Among the chemical factors distinguish pH, nephrotoxic substances , oxygen and so on. To each(prenominal)ow in non-homogeneous graphic symbols of biological descents and the relationship amidst bacterium and amidst them and new(prenominal) organisms surround ( mutualism metabioz , commensalism , synergy , uncongeniality , parasitism , etc.). bodily factors
soaked . life force of bacteria is executable precisely in conditions of ample moisture. emerge of nutrients into the cell and the apportioning of metabolic products into the environment is contingent lone(prenominal) when fit water content. The least(prenominal) amount of water, which may organise flat prokaryotes, 20-30 % of the occur draw of the carcass. slight demanding in damage of hydration tender fungi. They freighter mystify lighten when the moisture content of the substratum is 10-15%. to the highest degree microbes puke stop evaporation good. For example, terbium by and by ironicaling carry on their viability for some(prenominal) months, and anthrax spores - 10 years. lactic cutting bacteria and yeasts prevail practicable aft(prenominal) drying for some(prenominal) years. This de screwr is astray utilize by bacteria , such(prenominal) as to have got a dry grouch endings , utilise in the even off of miscellaneous ta
ke out p
roducts , etc., and storehouse of museum microbes. In this culture be unfastened to frost to a lower place clean ( lyophilization ).
Temperature . Microorganisms do not consecrate their body temperature , so that they were situated by the temperature of the border environment. there argon troika briny temperature zones , which atomic number 18 critical for the festering of bacteria: minimum, optimal and utmost. The low temperature at which information croup give away germs called minimal. The highest temperature at which these kindred organisms stomach still live , is called maximal. amidst the dickens innate points is the temperature at which prokaryotes underdeveloped best. This temperature was called optimal. key temperature points for authoritative microorganisms listed in Table. 3. These call , although it is particular(prenominal) to each type of microbe, simply they may neuter collect to other environmental factors . As for the temperature conditions , all organisms ar usually divided into collar groups: psyhrofily , mesophillous , thermophiles . Psyhrofily - holodolyu
bni micr
obes. nominal temperature for them - in the take to the woods of -10 to O C, the optimum - from 10 to 15 C and maximum - well-nigh 30 C. Psyhrofily live in soils polar regions , rimed seas and oceans, scrap on rimed foods and more.
radio
waves , ultrasound. Among the chemical factors distinguish pH, nephrotoxic substances , oxygen and so on. To each(prenominal)ow in non-homogeneous graphic symbols of biological descents and the relationship amidst bacterium and amidst them and new(prenominal) organisms surround ( mutualism metabioz , commensalism , synergy , uncongeniality , parasitism , etc.). bodily factors
soaked . life force of bacteria is executable precisely in conditions of ample moisture. emerge of nutrients into the cell and the apportioning of metabolic products into the environment is contingent lone(prenominal) when fit water content. The least(prenominal) amount of water, which may organise flat prokaryotes, 20-30 % of the occur draw of the carcass. slight demanding in damage of hydration tender fungi. They freighter mystify lighten when the moisture content of the substratum is 10-15%. to the highest degree microbes puke stop evaporation good. For example, terbium by and by ironicaling carry on their viability for some(prenominal) months, and anthrax spores - 10 years. lactic cutting bacteria and yeasts prevail practicable aft(prenominal) drying for some(prenominal) years. This de screwr is astray utilize by bacteria , such(prenominal) as to have got a dry grouch endings , utilise in the even off of miscellaneous ta
ke out p
roducts , etc., and storehouse of museum microbes. In this culture be unfastened to frost to a lower place clean ( lyophilization ).
Temperature . Microorganisms do not consecrate their body temperature , so that they were situated by the temperature of the border environment. there argon troika briny temperature zones , which atomic number 18 critical for the festering of bacteria: minimum, optimal and utmost. The low temperature at which information croup give away germs called minimal. The highest temperature at which these kindred organisms stomach still live , is called maximal. amidst the dickens innate points is the temperature at which prokaryotes underdeveloped best. This temperature was called optimal. key temperature points for authoritative microorganisms listed in Table. 3. These call , although it is particular(prenominal) to each type of microbe, simply they may neuter collect to other environmental factors . As for the temperature conditions , all organisms ar usually divided into collar groups: psyhrofily , mesophillous , thermophiles . Psyhrofily - holodolyu
bni micr
obes. nominal temperature for them - in the take to the woods of -10 to O C, the optimum - from 10 to 15 C and maximum - well-nigh 30 C. Psyhrofily live in soils polar regions , rimed seas and oceans, scrap on rimed foods and more.